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PART III
Safety
D. Decks, Hatchway., etc.
29.
Bulwarks or rails.-
(l) All upper decks
to which dock workers may have access for the purpose of carrying on dock work
shall be provided on the outer edge upto a height of one metre above the deck
with a bulwark or guard rails so designed, constructed and placed, as to
prevent any dock worker from accidentally falling overboard.
(2) The bulwark or
guard rails shall be continuous except where sections have to be removed for
the purpose of dock work and such sections shall not extend beyond the
minimum distance necessary.
30.
Deck ladders.-
Ladders leading from upper
deck or bridge deck or which deck to main deck shall be so situated as to
reduce, as far as practicable, the risk of dock workers,-
a)
being struck by cargo during loading or unloading; and
(b) falling direct into an open hold if they fall from the ladder.
31.
Skeleton decks.-
(1) When dock work is
proceeding at any skeleton deck, adequate staging with suitable railings
shall be provided to ensure a safe working surface unless the space beneath
the deck is filled with cargo to within a distance of 60 centimetres of such
deck.
(2) When skeleton
decks are not accessible from hold ladders, safe means of access such as
portable ladders shall be provided.
32.
Working spaces.-
( 1) Dock cargoes
shall be stowed, or effective measures taken, so that,-
a)
safe access is provided to the winches, hold ladders and to the signaller's
stand; and
(b) winches and cranes used during loading or unloading can be safely
operated.
(2) Safe access to
the deck cargo, hold ladders and winches shall be ensured by securely installed
steps or ladders.
(3) When a signaller
has to move from the square of the hatch to the ship's side, a space at least
90 centimetres wide shall be kept clear.
(4) If the surface of
the deck cargo is uneven, suitable measures shall be provided for the safe
movement of dock workers.
(5) When deck cargo
is stoved against ship's bulwark or hatch coamings and at such a height that
there is a danger to the dock worker from falling overboard or into the open
hold, suitable fencing shall be provided to prevent such fall.
(6) When there is a
cargo on dock, it shall be ensured that the visibility between the signaller
and crane or winch operator is not obstructed by making suitable
arrangements.
(7) All places, such
as decks, stages, etc. shall be properly cleaned and kept free from objects
which can cause slipping, stumbling and falling.
(8) When the coaming
is so high that signaller cannot see properly in the hold, a suitable step or
platform shall be provided in such a manner that the distance between the top
of the platform and the upper edge of the coaming Is not less than one metre.
(9) A clear an
unobstructed space at least 90 centimetres wide and where this is not
practicable as wide as is reasonably practicable shall be provided around
every hatch.
(10) Any part of the
ship used in connection with the dock work shall be free from patent defect
and maintained in good working order.
33.
Fencing around hatchways.-
(1) Every hatchway of
a hold exceeding 1.5 metres in depth, which is not protected by coaming to a
clear height of 75 centimetres shall, when not in use either be effectively
fenced to a height of one metre or be securely covered to prevent dock
workers from falling into the hold.
(2) If in any hatch
dock work is carried on simultaneously at two decks, the open end of the
hatch in the higher deck shall be protected to a height of one metre by means
of planks or nets or in some other suitable manner to prevent fall of dock
workers or cargo and the safety nets when rigged shall not be secured to the
hatch covers.
(3) When an edge of a
hatch section or of stowed cargo more than 2.5 metre high is so exposed that
it presents a danger to dock workers falling the edge shall be guarded by a
taut rope, safety net or railing to a height of one metre.
(4) Dock workers
employed in a hold on a partly covered hatch or on a stack shall be protected
by spreading a net or in some other suitable way, against the danger of
falling down.
34.
Hatch coverings, hatch beams, etc.-
(1) All fore and aft
beams and thwartship beams used for hatch coverings shall have suitable gear
for lifting them on and off without it being necessary for any dock worker to
go upon them to adjust such gear.
(2) All hatch
coverings and beams shall be kept plainly marked to indicate the deck and
hatch to which they belong and their position therein.
(3) All hatch
coverings and beams shall be replaced according to their markings:
Provided that this
regulation shall not apply in cases where all the hatch coverings and beams
of a ship are interchangeable or, in respect of marking of position, where
all hatch coverings of a hatch are interchangeable.
(4) All fore and aft
beams and thwartship beams including sliding beams and the tracks used for
hatch coverings and all hatch coverings shall be maintained in good
condition.
(5) Adequate
handgrips shall be provided on all hatch coverings, having regard to their
size and weight, unless construction of the hatch or the hatch covering is of
a character rendering the provision of handgrips unnecessary.
(6) Hatch coverings
shall not be used in the construction of stages or for any other purpose
which may expose them to damage.
(7) Hatch covers and
beams shall not be removed and replaced while dock work is in progress in the
hold under the hatchway. Before loading or unloading take place, any hatch
cover or beam that is not adequately secured against displacement shall be
removed.
(8) Only an
authorised person shall be permitted to open or close power operated hatch
covers.
(9) Folding hatch
covers shall be fitted with locking devices to prevent covers from folding
back.
(10) Hatch covers
shall not be opened or closed in such manner as is likely to cause injury to
any dock worker.
35.
Opening and closing of hatches.-
(1) Hatchways shall
be opened sufficiently to allow loads to be safely hoisted or lowered.
(2) No hatch cover or
hatch beam shall be removed from or replaced on any hatch unless there is
around the hatch coaming an unobstructed working space at least 60 centimetre
wide or where this is not reasonably practicable, as wide as is reasonably
practicable.
(3) Before covering
hatch with tarpaulin it shall be ensured that there is no opening left
uncovered by hatch covers and that all the hatch covers are resting securely.
36.
handling of hatch coverings and beams.-
(1) All hatch cover
exceeding 55 kilogram in weight and all beams of any hatch shall be removed
or replaced only with a which or other suitable mechanical means.
(2) When being
replaced, hatch covers and beams shall be placed on the hatches in the
position indicated by the markings thereon and shall be adequately secured.
(3) Hatch covers and
beams shall not be removed or replaced while dock worker is below the level
of the hatch in a position in which he is liable to be struck by a falling
hatch covering or hatch beam.
(4) Hatch covers,
tarpaulins, fore-and-aft beams and thwartship beams which have been removed
shall be so laid down, stacked or secured that they cannot fall into the hold
or otherwise cause danger.
(5) Hatch covers and
beams shall be so placed as to leave a safe walkway from bulwark to hatch
coaming or fore-and-aft.
(6) Hatch covers
shall be either arranged in neat piles not higher than the coaming and away
from it or spread one high between coaming and rail with no space between
them. The height of the stack shall be regulated so that, if accidentally
struck by a sling, they will not endanger a dock worker below or overside.
37.
Securing of hatch covering and hatch beams.-
(1) Where any hatch beam
is fitted with a permanent device for securing it in position in the hatch,
that device and its corresponding fitting in the coaming shall be effectively
and properly maintained.
(2) The beams of any hatch
in use for the dock work shall, if not removed be adequately secured to
prevent their displacement.
(3) Any sliding or
rolling hatch beams supporting hatch coverings which are left In position in
a partly opened hatch shall be adequately secured to prevent any horizontal
movement of the hatch beams.
(4) Every sliding or
rolling hatch beams and its guides shall be so constructed and maintained
that the hatch beam is not liable to be accidentally displaced from Its
guides.
(5) Mechanically
operated hatch coverings shall, when stowed be adequately secured to prevent
movement,
38.
Escape from holds.-
Precautions shall be
taken to facilitate the escape of dock workers when handling coal or other
bulk cargo in a hold or in tween decks or bin or hooper.
39.
Dangerous and harmful environment.-
(1) When internal
combustion engines exhaust into a hold or intermediate deck or any other
working place where neither natural ventilation nor the ship's ventilation
system is adequate to keep the carbon monoxide content of the atmosphere,
below 50 parts per million adequate and suitable measures shall be taken at
such places in order to avoid exposure of dock workers to health hazards.
(2) No dock worker
shall be allowed to enter any hold or tank of a vessel wherein there is given
off any dust, fumes or other impurities of such a nature and to such an
extent as is likely to be injurious or offensive to the dock workers or in
which explosives, poisonous, noxious or gaseus cargoes have been carried or
stored or in which dry ice has been used as a refrigerant or which has been
fumigated, or in which there is possibility of oxygen deficiency, unless all
practical steps have been taken to remove the dust, fumes or other impurities
and dangers which may be present and to prevent any further ingress thereof,
and such holds or tanks are certified to be safe and fit for dock workers to
enter the same by the competent authority.
(3) When dock workers
are exposed to any dust in substantial quantities as in handling bulk grains
fertilizers, cements and other similar cargoes, they shall be protected by
suitable respiratory protective equipment.
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